在我们开发过程中会经常遇见一些客户要求但是Android系统又不提供的效果,这时我们只能自己动手去实现它,或者从网络上借鉴他人的资源,本着用别人不如自己会做的心态,在此我总结了一下Android中如何实现自动换行的LinearLayout。
在本文中,说是LinearLayout其实是继承自GroupView,在这里主要重写了两个方法,onMeasure、onLayout方法,下面我对此加以介绍。(代码中使用了AttributeSet,由于时间问题不再予以介绍)。
1. onMeasure是干什么的?
在ViewGroup的创建过程中,onMeasure是在onLayout之前的,所以在此先对onMeasure进行介绍,onMeasure方法是计算子控件与父控件在屏幕中所占长宽大小的,onMeasure传入两个参数——widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec. 这两个参数指明控件可获得的空间以及关于这个空间描述的元数据.
int withMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int withSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);Mode有3种模式分别是UNSPECIFIED, EXACTLY和AT_MOST,如果是AT_MOST,Size代表的是最大可获得的空间;如果是EXACTLY,Size代表的是精确的尺寸;如果是UNSPECIFIED,就是你想要多少就有多少。经过代码测试就知道,当我们设置width或height为fill_parent时,容器在布局时调用子 view的measure方法传入的模式是EXACTLY,因为子view会占据剩余容器的空间,所以它大小是确定的。而当设置为 wrap_content时,容器传进去的是AT_MOST, 表示子view的大小最多是多少,这样子view会根据这个上限来设置自己的尺寸。当子view的大小设置为精确值时,容器传入的是EXACTLY。
2. onLayout是干什么的?
与onMesaure相比,onLayout更加容易理解,它的作用就是调座位,就是把所有的子View根据不同的需要,通过View. layout(int l, int t, int r, int b)方法指定它所在的位置。
3. 解决问题
只要对onMeasure和onLayout加以理解,对于该篇所要实现的功能就不再难以实现,下面贴上代码,并在代码中讲解。
WaroLinearLayout.java
[java]
- public class WarpLinearLayout extends ViewGroup {
- private Type mType;
- private List<WarpLine> mWarpLineGroup;
- public WarpLinearLayout(Context context) {
- this(context, null);
- }
- public WarpLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
- this(context, attrs, R.style.WarpLinearLayoutDefault);
- }
- public WarpLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
- super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
- mType = new Type(context, attrs);
- }
- protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
- int withMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
- int withSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
- int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
- int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
- int with = 0;
- int height = 0;
- int childCount = getChildCount();
- /**
- * 在调用childView。getMeasre之前必须先调用该行代码,用于对子View大小的测量
- */
- measureChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
- /**
- * 计算宽度
- */
- switch (withMode) {
- case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
- with = withSize;
- break;
- case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
- for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
- if (i != 0) {
- with += mType.horizontal_Space;
- }
- with += getChildAt(i).getMeasuredWidth();
- }
- with += getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
- with = with > withSize ? withSize : with;
- break;
- case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
- for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
- if (i != 0) {
- with += mType.horizontal_Space;
- }
- with += getChildAt(i).getMeasuredWidth();
- }
- with += getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
- break;
- default:
- with = withSize;
- break;
- }
- /**
- * 根据计算出的宽度,计算出所需要的行数
- */
- WarpLine warpLine = new WarpLine();
- /**
- * 不能够在定义属性时初始化,因为onMeasure方法会多次调用
- */
- mWarpLineGroup = new ArrayList<WarpLine>();
- for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
- if (warpLine.lineWidth + getChildAt(i).getMeasuredWidth() + mType.horizontal_Space > with) {
- if (warpLine.lineView.size() == 0) {
- warpLine.addView(getChildAt(i));
- mWarpLineGroup.add(warpLine);
- warpLine = new WarpLine();
- } else {
- mWarpLineGroup.add(warpLine);
- warpLine = new WarpLine();
- warpLine.addView(getChildAt(i));
- }
- } else {
- warpLine.addView(getChildAt(i));
- }
- }
- /**
- * 添加最后一行
- */
- if (warpLine.lineView.size() > 0 && !mWarpLineGroup.contains(warpLine)) {
- mWarpLineGroup.add(warpLine);
- }
- /**
- * 计算宽度
- */
- height = getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom();
- for (int i = 0; i < mWarpLineGroup.size(); i++) {
- if (i != 0) {
- height += mType.vertical_Space;
- }
- height += mWarpLineGroup.get(i).height;
- }
- switch (heightMode) {
- case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
- height = heightSize;
- break;
- case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
- height = height > heightSize ? heightSize : height;
- break;
- case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- setMeasuredDimension(with, height);
- }
- protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
- t = getPaddingTop();
- for (int i = 0; i < mWarpLineGroup.size(); i++) {
- int left = getPaddingLeft();
- WarpLine warpLine = mWarpLineGroup.get(i);
- int lastWidth = getMeasuredWidth() - warpLine.lineWidth;
- for (int j = 0; j < warpLine.lineView.size(); j++) {
- View view = warpLine.lineView.get(j);
- if (isFull()) {//需要充满当前行时
- view.layout(left, t, left + view.getMeasuredWidth() + lastWidth / warpLine.lineView.size(), t + view.getMeasuredHeight());
- left += view.getMeasuredWidth() + mType.horizontal_Space + lastWidth / warpLine.lineView.size();
- } else {
- switch (getGrivate()) {
- case 0://右对齐
- view.layout(left + lastWidth, t, left + lastWidth + view.getMeasuredWidth(), t + view.getMeasuredHeight());
- break;
- case 2://居中对齐
- view.layout(left + lastWidth / 2, t, left + lastWidth / 2 + view.getMeasuredWidth(), t + view.getMeasuredHeight());
- break;
- default://左对齐
- view.layout(left, t, left + view.getMeasuredWidth(), t + view.getMeasuredHeight());
- break;
- }
- left += view.getMeasuredWidth() + mType.horizontal_Space;
- }
- }
- t += warpLine.height + mType.vertical_Space;
- }
- }
- /**
- * 用于存放一行子View
- */
- private final class WarpLine {
- private List<View> lineView = new ArrayList<View>();
- /**
- * 当前行中所需要占用的宽度
- */
- private int lineWidth = getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
- /**
- * 该行View中所需要占用的最大高度
- */
- private int height = 0;
- private void addView(View view) {
- if (lineView.size() != 0) {
- lineWidth += mType.horizontal_Space;
- }
- height = height > view.getMeasuredHeight() ? height : view.getMeasuredHeight();
- lineWidth += view.getMeasuredWidth();
- lineView.add(view);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 对样式的初始化
- */
- private final static class Type {
- /*
- *对齐方式 right 0,left 1,center 2
- */
- private int grivate;
- /**
- * 水平间距,单位px
- */
- private float horizontal_Space;
- /**
- * 垂直间距,单位px
- */
- private float vertical_Space;
- /**
- * 是否自动填满
- */
- private boolean isFull;
- Type(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
- if (attrs == null) {
- return;
- }
- TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.WarpLinearLayout);
- grivate = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.WarpLinearLayout_grivate, grivate);
- horizontal_Space = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.WarpLinearLayout_horizontal_Space, horizontal_Space);
- vertical_Space = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.WarpLinearLayout_vertical_Space, vertical_Space);
- isFull = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.WarpLinearLayout_isFull, isFull);
- }
- }
- public int getGrivate() {
- return mType.grivate;
- }
- public float getHorizontal_Space() {
- return mType.horizontal_Space;
- }
- public float getVertical_Space() {
- return mType.vertical_Space;
- }
- public boolean isFull() {
- return mType.isFull;
- }
- public void setGrivate(int grivate) {
- mType.grivate = grivate;
- }
- public void setHorizontal_Space(float horizontal_Space) {
- mType.horizontal_Space = horizontal_Space;
- }
- public void setVertical_Space(float vertical_Space) {
- mType.vertical_Space = vertical_Space;
- }
- public void setIsFull(boolean isFull) {
- mType.isFull = isFull;
- }
- /**
- * 每行子View的对齐方式
- */
- public final static class Gravite {
- public final static int RIGHT = 0;
- public final static int LEFT = 1;
- public final static int CENTER = 2;
- }
- }
attrs.xml
[html]
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <resources>
- <declare-styleable name="WarpLinearLayout">
- <attr name="grivate" format="enum"><!--对齐方式 !-->
- <enum name="right" value="0"></enum>
- <enum name="left" value="1"></enum>
- <enum name="center" value="2"></enum>
- </attr>
- <attr name="horizontal_Space" format="dimension"></attr>
- <attr name="vertical_Space" format="dimension"></attr>
- <attr name="isFull" format="boolean"></attr>
- </declare-styleable>
- </resources>
WarpLinearLayoutDefault
[html]
- <style name="WarpLinearLayoutDefault">
- <item name="grivate">left</item>
- <item name="horizontal_Space">20dp</item>
- <item name="vertical_Space">20dp</item>
- <item name="isFull">false</item>
- </style>
[java]
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private Button btn;
- private WarpLinearLayout warpLinearLayout;
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
- warpLinearLayout = (WarpLinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.warpLinearLayout);
- btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- public void onClick(View v) {
- int n = new Random().nextInt(10) + 5;
- StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
- Random random = new Random();
- Log.i("WarpLinearLayout","n="+n);
- for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
- stringBuffer.append((char)(65+random.nextInt(26)));
- Log.i("WarpLinearLayout", "StringBuffer=" + stringBuffer.toString());
- }
- TextView tv = new TextView(MainActivity.this);
- tv.setText(stringBuffer.toString()+"000");
- tv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.radius_backgroup_yellow);
- tv.setPadding(10,10,10,10);
- warpLinearLayout.addView(tv);
- }
- });
- }
- }
activity_main.xml
[html]
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
- android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
- android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
- android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
- tools:context=".MainActivity">
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btn"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:gravity="center"
- android:text="add"
- android:textSize="20dp" />
- <com.example.customview.viewgroup.WarpLinearLayout
- android:id="@+id/warpLinearLayout"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_below="@id/btn"
- android:background="#FF00FF00"
- android:padding="10dp"
- app:grivate="right"
- app:horizontal_Space="10dp"
- app:isFull="false"
- app:vertical_Space="10dp"></com.example.customview.viewgroup.WarpLinearLayout>
- </RelativeLayout>
运行效果图如下:
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